所有から利用へ
ぜんぜん売れませんでしたが、1998年に『新しい時代の儲け方』という本を上梓しました。そのうちの1章に「所有から利用へ」ということを書きました。もちろん環境問題の高まりが背景にあったのですが、企業の観点というよりも、消費者の観点に着目していました。
つまり、環境問題が厳しくなるため、所有することが面倒くさくなるという点です。いざ捨てるとなると、分別しなければならないし、廃棄コストも負担しなければならない。ならいっそのこと、所有せずに利用したいと思うようになり、そうした消費者の意識変化を察知して、企業がレンタル方式でサービスを提供するようになるのではないかと思ったのです。
にもかかわらずどうしても所有にこだわるのは、思い出があるものとか、心が落ち着くもので、こうしたものは、大切にして、できるだけ長く使うだろう。昔のように修理したり再利用して、なるべく捨てないようにするに違いないと思いました。
また、バブルがはじけた時期だったので、不良債権化した不動産がたくさんあったので、不動産も所有せずに利活用することが主流になるのではないか。土地の値上がりではなく、利活用してそこから利益を生み出せるアイデアを出せるかどうかが勝負になるのではないかと思ったのです。
『自然資本の経済』には、アグファゲバルト社(コピー機)、ユナイテッド・テクノロジーズ社の一部門であるキャリア社(空調装置)、インターフェース社(カーペット)などの事例があげられています。単なるリースなら、日本にもすでにたくさんありますが、前に書かれていたような、閉じた循環サイクルを構築する意図で徹底しているケースは知りません。
たとえば、札幌エリアが「ナチュラル・キャピタリズム首都宣言」をし、できるかぎりの財をこうした仕組みで提供する実験場になれば、新しいビジネスが生まれるエリアになれるのではないでしょうか。「北の大地」は、もともと空気が清浄である、水がきれいというイメージが出来ているのですから、そこから新しい産業を生み出すのは、ブランドともマッチするように思います。
ただ、実際には、暖房温度を必要以上に高め、それが豊かさであるというような錯覚から抜け出ないでいるエリアなので、難しいかもしれませんが。
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